Retirement is a time for relaxation and enjoyment, but financial stability is a key component in achieving this. Superannuation (super) plays a pivotal role in ensuring financial security during retirement. Understanding the rules for accessing and using your super is essential. This guide will cover the conditions for accessing super, options for its use at retirement, and strategies for tax-efficient withdrawals.
Super is a long-term investment to fund retirement. Accessing super early is strictly limited to special circumstances.
If eligible, you may be able to access some of your super before retiring due to:
- severe financial hardship
- compassionate grounds
- terminal illness or permanent incapacity.
- permanently leaving Australia
Things to consider before accessing super early
Even if you meet the strict conditions, it’s important to consider how an early withdrawal will impact:
- Your retirement income
- Be sure to consider and plan for your retirement income without the safety net of superannuation.
- Tax you may need to pay
- To minimise the impact on your retirement savings and potential tax, only withdraw what is absolutely necessary. If you are close to turning 60, it might be more tax-efficient to wait until you reach that age to withdraw, as the tax rate drops significantly.
- Insurance paid through your super
- To maintain any insurance cover through your super, you need to have enough money left in your super account to pay for future premiums. In some circumstances insurance cover can cease if no contributions are made to your super account.
- Government benefits
- The impact taking a super payment may have on any government benefits you’re receiving
Conditions for Early Access to Superannuation
- Severe Financial Hardship:
If you are facing significant financial difficulties, you may be eligible to access a portion of your super. This typically requires proof that you have been receiving government support payments for a certain period.
- Compassionate Grounds:
The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) allows early access to super on compassionate grounds. This includes medical treatment costs, palliative care, modifications required for disability, or funeral expenses for a dependent.
- Terminal Medical Condition:
If you are diagnosed with a terminal medical condition, with less than 24 months to live, you can access your super tax-free.
- Temporary Residents Leaving Australia:
Temporary residents who are leaving Australia permanently can access their superannuation through the Departing Australia Superannuation Payment (DASP).
- First Home Super Saver (FHSS) Scheme:
This scheme allows you to save money for your first home inside your superannuation fund, offering tax benefits and potentially faster savings growth.
Using Super at Retirement
Upon meeting the conditions for withdrawal, several options are available for using your super:
- Lump Sum Withdrawal:
If allowed by your super fund, you can withdraw your super in one or more lump sum payments. However, once withdrawn, it is no longer considered super and may have different tax implications.
- Super Income Stream:
This involves regular payments from your super fund, which may include account-based super income streams, capped defined benefit income streams, or innovative retirement income streams. Such income streams are favoured for their ability to manage income and spending.
- Account-Based Income Stream:
This allows for regular income upon retirement, with the super fund continuing to invest the money and add returns to your account. It is crucial to note that once you start an income stream, you cannot add more money to it.
Alternative options to withdrawal
Maximising tax efficiency is a crucial aspect of managing your super. Here are some strategies:
- Transition to Retirement Strategy:
This reduces personal income tax without reducing after-tax income, combining salary sacrifice with drawing tax-free pension income from super.
- Account-Based Pensions:
Upon eligibility, this strategy provides tax-free retirement income and ensures tax-free investment earnings within the pension account.
- Recontribution Strategy:
Designed to reduce tax on super death benefits and protect against potential superannuation rule changes, this strategy focuses on converting taxable components of super into tax-free components.
Conclusion
Effectively managing your super involves understanding its complexities. Considering the various withdrawal options and employing tax-efficient strategies can significantly impact your financial stability in retirement. It's advisable to seek professional financial advice tailored to your individual circumstances to make the most of your superannuation benefits.